import hmac from typing import Any, Sequence def _check_bytes(value: Any, name: str) -> bytes: if isinstance(value, (str, dict)) or not hasattr(value, "__len__"): raise TypeError("%s must be a list of integers from 0 to 255" % name) for b in value: if type(b) is not int or b < 0 or b > 255: raise ValueError("%s must be a list of integers from 0 to 255" % name) return bytes(value) def constant_time_equal(a: Sequence[int], b: Sequence[int]) -> bool: """Are two byte strings equal, without stopping at the first difference? hmac.compare_digest is the standard library's constant-time comparison; the byte check before it fails a bad value with the same words as the other languages. """ left = _check_bytes(a, "a") right = _check_bytes(b, "b") return hmac.compare_digest(left, right)