Functional Weave
Code in Python

charts.axis

Axis geometry as data: tick positions, tick marks, label anchors and gridlines for number, time and category axes.

1.0.1 · published 2026-10-03 by charlie · Anterra

Pinned by 49 tests, run in TypeScript, Python and Rust.axisFromTicks 10 · numberAxis 11 · timeAxis 10 · bandAxis 10 · gridLines 8

What it does

An axis as data rather than drawing: the axis line, and for each tick its position, its mark, its label and where and how to anchor that label. Any renderer (SVG, canvas, a PDF library, a native chart view) can draw it without doing any arithmetic of its own, so a chart built in Python on the server and one built in TypeScript in the browser put every tick in the same place.

This is a group, because an axis is useless without its scale and ticks:

The functions

A group: 5 functions that work together, each in its own file, each pinned by its own tests in TypeScript, Python and Rust. A project can install only the ones it calls.

  1. axis_from_ticks (positions: float[], labels: string[], range: float[], orient: AxisOrient, position: float, tickSize: float) -> Axis
  2. number_axis (domain: float[], range: float[], count: int, orient: AxisOrient, position: float, tickSize: float) -> Axis
  3. time_axis (domain: date[], range: float[], count: int, orient: AxisOrient, position: float, tickSize: float) -> Axis
  4. band_axis (domain: string[], range: float[], paddingInner: float, paddingOuter: float, orient: AxisOrient, position: float, tickSize: float) -> Axis
  5. grid_lines (axis: Axis, length: float) -> Line[]

The types it declares, generated into your project

AxisOrient = Literal["bottom", "top", "left", "right"]

TextAnchor = Literal["start", "middle", "end"]

TextBaseline = Literal["hanging", "middle", "alphabetic"]

@dataclass(frozen=True)
class Line:
    """A straight line segment in pixels."""

    x1: float
    y1: float
    x2: float
    y2: float

@dataclass(frozen=True)
class AxisTick:
    """One tick: where it is, its mark, and where and how to draw its label."""

    #: along the axis, in pixels
    position: float
    label: str
    #: the tick mark, from the axis line outwards
    tick: Line
    label_x: float
    label_y: float
    #: SVG text-anchor for the label
    anchor: TextAnchor
    #: SVG dominant-baseline for the label
    baseline: TextBaseline

@dataclass(frozen=True)
class Axis:
    """Everything needed to draw one axis; all pixel values rounded to 2 decimal places."""

    orient: AxisOrient
    #: the axis line's fixed coordinate
    position: float
    #: the axis line itself, along the range
    line: Line
    ticks: List[AxisTick]

Once installed, your code imports each one from the group's module.

axis_from_ticks throws on bad input 10 tests

def axis_from_ticks(positions: Sequence[float], labels: Sequence[str], range: Sequence[float], orient: AxisOrient, position: float, tick_size: float) -> Axis
positionsfloat[]where each tick falls along the axis, in pixels, from any scale
labelsstring[]one label per position
rangefloat[]the axis line's [from, to] in pixels
orientAxisOrient
positionfloatthe axis line's fixed coordinate: y for bottom and top, x for left and right
tick_sizefloatlength of each tick mark; d3's default is 6
returnsAxis

For example

  • axis_from_ticks(0, 50, 100, 0, 5, 10, 0, 100, bottom, 200, 6) → orient bottom, position 200, line …, ticks ×3 a bottom axis: marks point down, labels hang below them
  • axis_from_ticks(10, 90, a, b, 0, 100, top, 20, 6) → orient top, position 20, line …, ticks ×2 a top axis: marks point up, labels sit on their baseline above
  • axis_from_ticks(300, 150, 0, 0, 50, 100, 300, 0, left, 40, 6) → orient left, position 40, line …, ticks ×3 a left axis: marks point left, labels right-aligned beside them
from fune.charts.axis import axis_from_ticks  # charts.axis@^1
impl/python/axis_from_ticks.py · 74 lines · open · raw

Imports name this capability’s declared dependencies, which fune builds next to it in your project; each one links to its page.

from typing import Sequence

from .charts_axis_types import Axis, AxisOrient, AxisTick, Line
from .math_round_float import round_float  ← from math.round-float ^1.0.0 · built alongside by fune

# d3-axis's default gap between the end of a tick mark and its label.
_LABEL_PADDING = 3


def axis_pixel(value: float) -> float:
    """A pixel coordinate rounded to 2 places, the precision every axis output uses."""
    return round_float(value, 2)


def axis_line(x1: float, y1: float, x2: float, y2: float) -> Line:
    return Line(x1=axis_pixel(x1), y1=axis_pixel(y1), x2=axis_pixel(x2), y2=axis_pixel(y2))


def check_orient(orient: str) -> None:
    if orient not in ("bottom", "top", "left", "right"):
        raise ValueError('orient must be bottom, top, left or right, received "%s"' % (orient,))


def axis_from_ticks(
    positions: Sequence[float],
    labels: Sequence[str],
    range: Sequence[float],  # noqa: A002 - the manifest names it range
    orient: AxisOrient,
    position: float,
    tick_size: float,
) -> Axis:
    """Axis geometry from tick positions and labels, for any scale (d3-axis layout)."""
    check_orient(orient)
    if len(positions) != len(labels):
        raise ValueError(
            "positions and labels must be the same length, received %d and %d" % (len(positions), len(labels))
        )
    if len(range) != 2:
        raise ValueError("range must have exactly 2 values, [from, to]; got %d" % len(range))
    horizontal = orient in ("bottom", "top")
    sign = 1 if orient in ("bottom", "right") else -1
    mark_end = position + sign * tick_size
    label_at = position + sign * (tick_size + _LABEL_PADDING)
    ticks = []
    for p, label in zip(positions, labels):
        if horizontal:
            ticks.append(
                AxisTick(
                    position=axis_pixel(p),
                    label=label,
                    tick=axis_line(p, position, p, mark_end),
                    label_x=axis_pixel(p),
                    label_y=axis_pixel(label_at),
                    anchor="middle",
                    baseline="hanging" if orient == "bottom" else "alphabetic",
                )
            )
        else:
            ticks.append(
                AxisTick(
                    position=axis_pixel(p),
                    label=label,
                    tick=axis_line(position, p, mark_end, p),
                    label_x=axis_pixel(label_at),
                    label_y=axis_pixel(p),
                    anchor="end" if orient == "left" else "start",
                    baseline="middle",
                )
            )
    if horizontal:
        line = axis_line(range[0], position, range[1], position)
    else:
        line = axis_line(position, range[0], position, range[1])
    return Axis(orient=orient, position=axis_pixel(position), line=line, ticks=ticks)

number_axis throws on bad input 11 tests

def number_axis(domain: Sequence[float], range: Sequence[float], count: int, orient: AxisOrient, position: float, tick_size: float) -> Axis
domainfloat[]
rangefloat[]
countintroughly how many ticks; nice values from charts.ticks
orientAxisOrient
positionfloat
tick_sizefloat
returnsAxis

For example

  • number_axis(0, 100, 0, 500, 5, bottom, 300, 6) → orient bottom, position 300, line …, ticks ×6 0 to 100 in steps of 20 along 500 pixels
  • number_axis(0, 1, 300, 0, 5, left, 40, 6) → orient left, position 40, line …, ticks ×6 a y axis drawn upwards, labelled to one place because the step is 0.2
  • number_axis(0, 5,000, 0, 100, 2, bottom, 0, 6) → orient bottom, position 0, line …, ticks ×3 thousands are grouped
from fune.charts.axis import number_axis  # charts.axis@^1
impl/python/number_axis.py · 28 lines · open · raw

Imports name this capability’s declared dependencies, which fune builds next to it in your project; each one links to its page.

from typing import Sequence

from .charts_axis_axis_from_ticks import axis_from_ticks  ← axisFromTicks, another function of this group · built into the same file, even by a slim install
from .charts_axis_types import Axis, AxisOrient
from .charts_format_format_tick import format_tick
from .charts_scale_linear_scale import linear_scale
from .charts_ticks_nice_ticks import nice_ticks
from .charts_ticks_tick_step import tick_step


def number_axis(
    domain: Sequence[float],
    range: Sequence[float],  # noqa: A002 - the manifest names it range
    count: int,
    orient: AxisOrient,
    position: float,
    tick_size: float,
) -> Axis:
    """A linear number axis: nice ticks, placed by linear_scale, labelled for the step."""
    if len(domain) != 2:
        raise ValueError("domain must have exactly 2 values, [from, to]; got %d" % len(domain))
    lo = min(domain[0], domain[1])
    hi = max(domain[0], domain[1])
    values = nice_ticks(domain[0], domain[1], count)
    step = tick_step(lo, hi, count)
    positions = [linear_scale(domain, range, v, False) for v in values]
    labels = [format_tick(v, step) for v in values]
    return axis_from_ticks(positions, labels, range, orient, position, tick_size)

time_axis throws on bad input 10 tests

def time_axis(domain: Sequence[str], range: Sequence[float], count: int, orient: AxisOrient, position: float, tick_size: float) -> Axis
domaindate[]
rangefloat[]
countintroughly how many ticks; the interval (day to year) is chosen to fit
orientAxisOrient
positionfloat
tick_sizefloat
returnsAxis

For example

  • time_axis(2026-01-01, 2026-12-31, 0, 364, 4, bottom, 200, 6) → orient bottom, position 200, line …, ticks ×4 a year in quarters
  • time_axis(2026-09-01, 2026-09-15, 0, 140, 7, bottom, 0, 6) → orient bottom, position 0, line …, ticks ×8 a fortnight in days every 2 days, starting on the 1st of the month's odd days
  • time_axis(2026-12-31, 2026-01-01, 0, 364, 4, bottom, 0, 6) → orient bottom, position 0, line …, ticks ×4 a date domain given backwards is placed backwards
from fune.charts.axis import time_axis  # charts.axis@^1
impl/python/time_axis.py · 28 lines · open · raw

Imports name this capability’s declared dependencies, which fune builds next to it in your project; each one links to its page.

from typing import Sequence

from .charts_axis_axis_from_ticks import axis_from_ticks  ← axisFromTicks, another function of this group · built into the same file, even by a slim install
from .charts_axis_types import Axis, AxisOrient
from .charts_format_format_date import format_date
from .charts_scale_time_scale import time_scale
from .charts_ticks_time_tick_interval import time_tick_interval
from .charts_ticks_time_ticks import time_ticks


def time_axis(
    domain: Sequence[str],
    range: Sequence[float],  # noqa: A002 - the manifest names it range
    count: int,
    orient: AxisOrient,
    position: float,
    tick_size: float,
) -> Axis:
    """A date axis: a calendar interval for about count ticks, labelled for that interval."""
    if len(domain) != 2:
        raise ValueError("domain must have exactly 2 values, [from, to]; got %d" % len(domain))
    lo = min(domain[0], domain[1])
    hi = max(domain[0], domain[1])
    chosen = time_tick_interval(lo, hi, count)
    values = time_ticks(lo, hi, chosen.interval, chosen.step)
    positions = [time_scale(domain, range, v, False) for v in values]
    labels = [format_date(v, chosen.interval) for v in values]
    return axis_from_ticks(positions, labels, range, orient, position, tick_size)

band_axis throws on bad input 10 tests

def band_axis(domain: Sequence[str], range: Sequence[float], padding_inner: float, padding_outer: float, orient: AxisOrient, position: float, tick_size: float) -> Axis
domainstring[]the categories, one tick at the centre of each band
rangefloat[]
padding_innerfloat
padding_outerfloat
orientAxisOrient
positionfloat
tick_sizefloat
returnsAxis

For example

  • band_axis(a, b, c, 0, 300, 0.2, 0.1, bottom, 100, 6) → orient bottom, position 100, line …, ticks ×3 three categories, ticks at band centres
  • band_axis(x, y, 0, 100, 0.5, 0, bottom, 0, 6) → orient bottom, position 0, line …, ticks ×2 centres are rounded to 2 places
  • band_axis(north, south, 200, 0, 0, 0, left, 50, 6) → orient left, position 50, line …, ticks ×2 a category axis on the left
from fune.charts.axis import band_axis  # charts.axis@^1
impl/python/band_axis.py · 19 lines · open · raw

Imports name this capability’s declared dependencies, which fune builds next to it in your project; each one links to its page.

from typing import Sequence

from .charts_axis_axis_from_ticks import axis_from_ticks  ← axisFromTicks, another function of this group · built into the same file, even by a slim install
from .charts_axis_types import Axis, AxisOrient
from .charts_scale_band_scale import band_scale


def band_axis(
    domain: Sequence[str],
    range: Sequence[float],  # noqa: A002 - the manifest names it range
    padding_inner: float,
    padding_outer: float,
    orient: AxisOrient,
    position: float,
    tick_size: float,
) -> Axis:
    """A category axis: one tick at the centre of each band, labelled with the category."""
    positions = [band_scale(domain, range, v, padding_inner, padding_outer, 0.5).center for v in domain]
    return axis_from_ticks(positions, list(domain), range, orient, position, tick_size)

grid_lines throws on bad input 8 tests

def grid_lines(axis: Axis, length: float) -> List[Line]
axisAxis
lengthfloathow far across the plot each line runs, usually the plot's height or width
returnsLine[]

For example

  • grid_lines(orient bottom, position 200, line …, ticks ×3, 180) → ×3 from a bottom axis the lines run up across the plot
  • grid_lines(orient top, position 20, line …, ticks ×1, 100) → ×1 from a top axis they run down
  • grid_lines(orient left, position 40, line …, ticks ×3, 460) → ×3 from a left axis they run right
from fune.charts.axis import grid_lines  # charts.axis@^1
impl/python/grid_lines.py · 25 lines · open · raw

Imports name this capability’s declared dependencies, which fune builds next to it in your project; each one links to its page.

import math
from typing import List

from .charts_axis_axis_from_ticks import axis_line, check_orient  ← axisFromTicks, another function of this group · built into the same file, even by a slim install
from .charts_axis_types import Axis, Line


def grid_lines(axis: Axis, length: float) -> List[Line]:
    """One gridline per tick, from the axis line across the plot."""
    check_orient(axis.orient)
    if isinstance(length, bool) or not isinstance(length, (int, float)) or not math.isfinite(length) or length < 0:
        raise ValueError("length must be a finite number of zero or more, received %r" % (length,))
    pos = axis.position
    out = []
    for t in axis.ticks:
        p = t.position
        if axis.orient == "bottom":
            out.append(axis_line(p, pos, p, pos - length))
        elif axis.orient == "top":
            out.append(axis_line(p, pos, p, pos + length))
        elif axis.orient == "left":
            out.append(axis_line(pos, p, pos + length, p))
        else:
            out.append(axis_line(pos, p, pos - length, p))
    return out

Install

fune build

With that line in your source, in a Python project (language python in fune.project), fune build resolves it and its 4 dependencies, pins them in fune.lock, downloads only the Python package of each, and builds the code above into your project’s .fune/build, one readable file per capability with a header linking back here. Or pin a range in fune.project and build in one step:

fune add charts.axis

That builds the whole group. To build only what you call, and whatever it uses inside the group:

fune add charts.axis --only axisFromTicks
Download for Python charts.axis-1.0.1-python.fune · 50,611 bytes sha256 d5852cfa9dc59289eef6daa85617a950973dc61a0d5f830b658e8930ff409c5a

The manifest, vectors and README with only the Python implementation. Install it without the registry with fune add ./charts.axis-1.0.1-python.fune, or fetch it from a terminal with fune pull charts.axis@1.0.1:python.

The whole function, every language, is one file too: charts.axis-1.0.1.fune, 69,750 bytes, sha256 4aec0b33d90de1c1c687dff41d21141c1182ad88190729c54bf4fc3fbd7c0d4d. It installs into a project of any language.

Customise it in your app

The seams this capability offers. Put a marker directly above a function of your own and fune build wires it into the built code; the package on the registry is not changed, the built file’s header lists it under CUSTOMISED, and fune hooks lists every hook in the project. How hooks work.

before — your function gets the arguments and returns them, changed or not, or throws to refuse the call.

# fune: before charts.axis.axisFromTicks
# fune: before charts.axis.numberAxis
# fune: before charts.axis.timeAxis
# fune: before charts.axis.bandAxis
# fune: before charts.axis.gridLines

after — your function gets the result and the arguments, and returns the final result.

# fune: after charts.axis.axisFromTicks
# fune: after charts.axis.numberAxis
# fune: after charts.axis.timeAxis
# fune: after charts.axis.bandAxis
# fune: after charts.axis.gridLines

replace — inside this capability’s code only, calls to a dependency go to your function, with the same signature. Other capabilities that use it are unaffected; write in * to replace it everywhere.

# fune: replace charts.format in charts.axis
# fune: replace charts.scale in charts.axis
# fune: replace charts.ticks in charts.axis
# fune: replace math.round-float in charts.axis

step — your function runs at a numbered point inside a function’s body, receives the in-scope values it names as parameters, and may return replacements. List the points with fune show charts.axis --steps.

# fune: step charts.axis.<fn> after <n|label>

Tests

A version published now needs at least 8 tests for every function, and one that expects the error for each function that throws; the registry refuses it otherwise. fune verify --all runs each case in TypeScript, Python and Rust, and a project runs them again with fune verify. This page lists the cases; it does not run them. The exact JSON is vectors.json.

axisFromTicks 10 tests

CaseArgumentsExpected
a bottom axis: marks point down, labels hang below them 0, 50, 100, 0, 5, 10, 0, 100, bottom, 200, 6 → orient bottom, position 200, line …, ticks ×3
a top axis: marks point up, labels sit on their baseline above 10, 90, a, b, 0, 100, top, 20, 6 → orient top, position 20, line …, ticks ×2
a left axis: marks point left, labels right-aligned beside them 300, 150, 0, 0, 50, 100, 300, 0, left, 40, 6 → orient left, position 40, line …, ticks ×3
a right axis: labels start after the marks 0, 100, low, high, 0, 100, right, 500, 4 → orient right, position 500, line …, ticks ×2
pixels are rounded to 2 places, half away from zero 12.345, 12.345, x, y, 0.004, 99.996, bottom, 100.125, 6 → orient bottom, position 100.13, line …, ticks ×2
zero-length marks put labels 3 pixels from the line 5, 5, 0, 10, left, 0, 0 → orient left, position 0, line …, ticks ×1
an axis with no ticks is just its line , , 0, 300, bottom, 150, 6 → orient bottom, position 150, line …, ticks
a label per position is required 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, bottom, 0, 6 → error: positions and labels must be the same length
an unknown orient is an error, not a left axis 0, 0, 0, 1, middle, 0, 6 → error: orient must be bottom, top, left or right
a range needs two ends 0, 0, 0, bottom, 0, 6 → error: range must have exactly 2 values

numberAxis 11 tests

CaseArgumentsExpected
0 to 100 in steps of 20 along 500 pixels 0, 100, 0, 500, 5, bottom, 300, 6 → orient bottom, position 300, line …, ticks ×6
a y axis drawn upwards, labelled to one place because the step is 0.2 0, 1, 300, 0, 5, left, 40, 6 → orient left, position 40, line …, ticks ×6
thousands are grouped 0, 5,000, 0, 100, 2, bottom, 0, 6 → orient bottom, position 0, line …, ticks ×3
a domain that is not nice only gets the ticks inside it 3, 97, 0, 94, 4, bottom, 0, 6 → orient bottom, position 0, line …, ticks ×4
negative to positive -10, 10, 0, 200, 4, top, 0, 6 → orient top, position 0, line …, ticks ×5
count below 1 is an error 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, bottom, 0, 6 → error: count must be a whole number of at least 1
a domain needs two ends 0, 0, 1, 5, bottom, 0, 6 → error: domain must have exactly 2 values
a right axis: labels start 3 pixels past the marks 0, 10, 0, 100, 2, right, 0, 6 → orient right, position 0, line …, ticks ×3
a domain given backwards puts its ticks backwards 10, 0, 0, 100, 2, bottom, 0, 6 → orient bottom, position 0, line …, ticks ×3
a step of 0.05 labels every tick with two places 0, 0.1, 0, 100, 2, bottom, 0, 6 → orient bottom, position 0, line …, ticks ×3
Show the other 1 test
CaseArgumentsExpected
an unknown orient is an error 0, 10, 0, 100, 5, centre, 0, 6 → error: orient must be bottom, top, left or right

timeAxis 10 tests

CaseArgumentsExpected
a year in quarters 2026-01-01, 2026-12-31, 0, 364, 4, bottom, 200, 6 → orient bottom, position 200, line …, ticks ×4
a fortnight in days every 2 days, starting on the 1st of the month's odd days 2026-09-01, 2026-09-15, 0, 140, 7, bottom, 0, 6 → orient bottom, position 0, line …, ticks ×8
a date domain given backwards is placed backwards 2026-12-31, 2026-01-01, 0, 364, 4, bottom, 0, 6 → orient bottom, position 0, line …, ticks ×4
an impossible date is an error 2026-02-30, 2026-12-31, 0, 1, 4, bottom, 0, 6 → error: is not a real calendar date
leap years make yearly ticks uneven: 2021 is 366 days along, not 365 2020-01-01, 2025-01-01, 0, 500, 5, bottom, 0, 6 → orient bottom, position 0, line …, ticks ×6
in a leap year March starts on day 60 2024-01-01, 2024-04-01, 0, 91, 3, bottom, 0, 6 → orient bottom, position 0, line …, ticks ×4
weekly ticks fall on Mondays, not on the first date 2026-09-01, 2026-09-29, 0, 280, 4, left, 50, 6 → orient left, position 50, line …, ticks ×4
a domain needs two ends 2026-01-01, 0, 100, 4, bottom, 0, 6 → error: domain must have exactly 2 values
count below 1 is an error 2026-01-01, 2026-12-31, 0, 364, 0, bottom, 0, 6 → error: count must be a whole number of at least 1
an unknown orient is an error 2026-01-01, 2026-12-31, 0, 364, 4, middle, 0, 6 → error: orient must be bottom, top, left or right

bandAxis 10 tests

CaseArgumentsExpected
three categories, ticks at band centres a, b, c, 0, 300, 0.2, 0.1, bottom, 100, 6 → orient bottom, position 100, line …, ticks ×3
centres are rounded to 2 places x, y, 0, 100, 0.5, 0, bottom, 0, 6 → orient bottom, position 0, line …, ticks ×2
a category axis on the left north, south, 200, 0, 0, 0, left, 50, 6 → orient left, position 50, line …, ticks ×2
a repeated category is an error a, a, 0, 100, 0, 0, bottom, 0, 6 → error: domain has a repeated value
one category fills the range and sits in the middle only, 0, 100, 0, 0, bottom, 0, 6 → orient bottom, position 0, line …, ticks ×1
outer padding on a top axis: a third of a step each side a, b, 0, 100, 0, 0.5, top, 10, 6 → orient top, position 10, line …, ticks ×2
a reversed range puts the first category at the far end a, b, c, 300, 0, 0, 0, bottom, 0, 6 → orient bottom, position 0, line …, ticks ×3
no categories is just the axis line , 0, 100, 0.1, 0.1, bottom, 0, 6 → orient bottom, position 0, line …, ticks
inner padding above 1 is an error a, b, 0, 100, 1.5, 0, bottom, 0, 6 → error: paddingInner must be between 0 and 1
an unknown orient is an error a, b, 0, 100, 0, 0, centre, 0, 6 → error: orient must be bottom, top, left or right

gridLines 8 tests

CaseArgumentsExpected
from a bottom axis the lines run up across the plot orient bottom, position 200, line …, ticks ×3, 180 → ×3
from a top axis they run down orient top, position 20, line …, ticks ×1, 100 → ×1
from a left axis they run right orient left, position 40, line …, ticks ×3, 460 → ×3
from a right axis they run left orient right, position 500, line …, ticks ×1, 460.004 → ×1
no ticks, no gridlines orient bottom, position 0, line …, ticks , 50 →
a negative length is an error orient bottom, position 200, line …, ticks ×3, -1 → error: length must be a finite number of zero or more
a zero length draws each line as a point on the axis orient bottom, position 200, line …, ticks ×1, 0 → ×1
any negative length is refused, however small orient bottom, position 200, line …, ticks ×1, -0.01 → error: length must be a finite number of zero or more

More from the author

- `numberAxis` for a linear number scale: nice tick values inside the domain (`charts.ticks` niceTicks), placed by `charts.scale` linearScale, labelled by `charts.format` formatTick with just enough decimals for the step (0.1, 0.2, 0.3, never 0.30000000000000004). - `timeAxis` for dates: `charts.ticks` picks the calendar interval (days, weeks, months, quarters, years) that gives about `count` ticks, puts ticks on its boundaries, and `charts.format` formatDate labels them for that interval. - `bandAxis` for categories: a tick at the centre of each band of `charts.scale` bandScale with the same padding as the bars. - `axisFromTicks` builds the geometry from any positions and labels, for scales this group does not cover (a log scale with hand-picked ticks). - `gridLines` runs a line from each tick across the plot.

## Layout (as d3-axis)

The mark points away from the plot: down from a bottom axis, up from a top one, left from a left axis, right from a right one, `tickSize` pixels long. The label sits 3 pixels past the end of the mark (d3's default tick padding). Under a bottom axis it is centred with `dominant-baseline: hanging`; above a top axis centred on its alphabetic baseline; beside a left axis right-aligned (`text-anchor: end`) and vertically centred; beside a right axis left-aligned. `position` is the axis line's fixed coordinate: its y for a bottom or top axis, its x for a left or right one.

Gridlines start on the axis line and run `length` pixels across the plot, the opposite way to the marks.

Every pixel value is rounded to 2 decimal places by `math.round-float`, half away from zero, so the numbers agree to the digit in every language. Labels are not measured here: how wide text is depends on the font, which only the renderer knows; `charts.layout` estimates widths when a layout needs them.

Source: d3-axis (github.com/d3/d3-axis), the conventions for mark direction, padding and anchors.

1.0.1 adds tests; behaviour unchanged.

Files

PathBytes
README.md2,454
impl/python/axis_from_ticks.py2,791
impl/python/band_axis.py713
impl/python/grid_lines.py975
impl/python/number_axis.py1,122
impl/python/time_axis.py1,164
impl/rust/axis_from_ticks.rs5,577
impl/rust/band_axis.rs1,073
impl/rust/grid_lines.rs1,203
impl/rust/number_axis.rs1,447
impl/rust/time_axis.rs1,540
impl/typescript/axis_from_ticks.ts2,855
impl/typescript/band_axis.ts777
impl/typescript/grid_lines.ts944
impl/typescript/number_axis.ts1,338
impl/typescript/time_axis.ts1,358
vectors.json27,260