Functional Weave
Code in Rust

finance.tax.add-vat Unreviewed

Add VAT to a net amount using the rate in force on the date of supply.

1.0.1 · published 2026-10-03 by charlie · Anterra

Pinned by 9 tests, run in TypeScript, Python and Rust.

Unreviewed. This capability’s implementations agree in every language and pass its published test vectors, which were worked out from the official sources cited. But no qualified chartered accountant or tax adviser has yet checked those vectors, or confirmed that the capability covers the cases it claims. Treat it as a draft. Do not use it for real people, money or decisions without your own expert review. Once a qualified reviewer signs off, this notice is replaced with their name, qualification and the date. Each new version needs fresh sign-off.

Not professional advice. This capability calculates tax figures from published rules. It is a software component for developers, not tax advice. Rules change and every rate here has an effective date. Check that the dates cover your case. Verify results against the official sources listed in its README, and have a chartered accountant or tax adviser review how you use it, before anyone relies on the output. Provided “as is” under its licence, without warranty.

What it does

Returns the whole breakdown, not just the tax. An invoice needs net, tax and gross together, and deriving the third from the other two in caller code is where rounding bugs are born.

The date is the date of supply. Defaulting it to today is the single most common way to get a credit note wrong.

For example

  • add_vat(£100.00, GB, STANDARD, 2026-09-16) → net £100.00, tax £20.00, gross £120.00, rate 20% 20 percent on 100 pounds
  • add_vat(£1.99, GB, STANDARD, 2026-09-16) → net £1.99, tax £0.40, gross £2.39, rate 20% rounds a fractional penny up
  • add_vat(£100.00, GB, ZERO, 2026-09-16) → net £100.00, tax £0.00, gross £100.00, rate 0% zero rated goods are taxable at nothing

The function

The same function in TypeScript, Python and Rust, pinned by the same tests. Pick your language; the choice follows you around the registry.

pub fn add_vat(net: &Money, jurisdiction: &str, category: &str, on_date: &str) -> VatBreakdown
netMoneythe amount before tax
jurisdictionstring
categorystring
on_datedatedate of supply, not today
returnsVatBreakdown

The type it declares, generated into your project

/// Net, tax and gross together, so a caller never derives one from the other two.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
pub struct VatBreakdown {
    pub net: Money,
    pub tax: Money,
    pub gross: Money,
    pub basis_points: i64,
}

Your code names it in one line, in the file that uses it

fune!(finance.tax.add-vat@^1);  // then call add_vat(…)
impl/rust.rs · 39 lines · open · raw

Imports name this capability’s declared dependencies, which fune builds next to it in your project; each one links to its page.

use super::funejson::Value;  ← the fune runtime: the JSON value the test vectors use; fune build keeps it only where a signature takes one
use super::finance_tax_vat_rate::vat_rate;  ← from finance.tax.vat-rate ^1.0.0 · built alongside by fune
use super::money_add::add_money;  ← from money.add ^1.0.0 · built alongside by fune
use super::money_amount::{money_from_value, money_to_value, Money};  ← from money.amount ^1.0.0 · built alongside by fune
use super::money_apply_rate::apply_rate;  ← from money.apply-rate ^1.0.0 · built alongside by fune

/// Add VAT to a net amount at the rate in force on the date of supply.
///
/// Returns the whole breakdown rather than just the tax: an invoice needs net,
/// tax and gross together, and deriving the third from the other two in caller
/// code is where rounding bugs are born.
pub fn add_vat(net: &Money, jurisdiction: &str, category: &str, on_date: &str) -> VatBreakdown {
    let rate = vat_rate(jurisdiction, category, on_date);
    let tax = apply_rate(net, rate.basis_points, "half-up");
    VatBreakdown {
        net: net.clone(),
        gross: add_money(net, &tax),
        tax,
        basis_points: rate.basis_points,
    }
}

pub fn vat_breakdown_to_value(breakdown: &VatBreakdown) -> Value {
    Value::obj(vec![
        ("net", money_to_value(&breakdown.net)),
        ("tax", money_to_value(&breakdown.tax)),
        ("gross", money_to_value(&breakdown.gross)),
        ("basisPoints", Value::Int(breakdown.basis_points)),
    ])
}

pub fn fune_vector(args: &[Value]) -> Value {
    vat_breakdown_to_value(&add_vat(
        &money_from_value(&args[0]),
        args[1].as_str(),
        args[2].as_str(),
        args[3].as_str(),
    ))
}

Install

fune build

With that line in your source, in a Rust project (language rust in fune.project), fune build resolves it and its 4 dependencies, pins them in fune.lock, downloads only the Rust package of each, and builds the code above into your project’s .fune/build, one readable file per capability with a header linking back here. A crate’s build.rs runs it before every compile. Or pin a range in fune.project and build in one step:

fune add finance.tax.add-vat
Download for Rust finance.tax.add-vat-1.0.1-rust.fune · 7,901 bytes sha256 59fdd059dcc16ff2955078352a2550f90f87d63d640f6ab700ffe8e7e76af8eb

The manifest, vectors and README with only the Rust implementation. Install it without the registry with fune add ./finance.tax.add-vat-1.0.1-rust.fune, or fetch it from a terminal with fune pull finance.tax.add-vat@1.0.1:rust.

The whole function, every language, is one file too: finance.tax.add-vat-1.0.1.fune, 9,696 bytes, sha256 51e2215962b87cfc7de9ebfdc142e005b3f7b780a6faf91244486bb57a406763. It installs into a project of any language.

Customise it in your app

The seams this capability offers. Put a marker directly above a function of your own and fune build wires it into the built code; the package on the registry is not changed, the built file’s header lists it under CUSTOMISED, and fune hooks lists every hook in the project. How hooks work.

before — your function gets the arguments and returns them, changed or not, or throws to refuse the call.

// fune: before finance.tax.add-vat

after — your function gets the result and the arguments, and returns the final result.

// fune: after finance.tax.add-vat

replace — inside this capability’s code only, calls to a dependency go to your function, with the same signature. Other capabilities that use it are unaffected; write in * to replace it everywhere.

// fune: replace finance.tax.vat-rate in finance.tax.add-vat
// fune: replace money.add in finance.tax.add-vat
// fune: replace money.amount in finance.tax.add-vat
// fune: replace money.apply-rate in finance.tax.add-vat

step — your function runs at a numbered point inside the function’s body, receives the in-scope values it names as parameters, and may return replacements. List the points with fune show finance.tax.add-vat --steps.

// fune: step finance.tax.add-vat after <n|label>

Tests

A version published now needs at least 8 tests for every function, and one that expects the error for each function that throws; the registry refuses it otherwise. fune verify --all runs each case in TypeScript, Python and Rust, and a project runs them again with fune verify. This page lists the cases; it does not run them. The exact JSON is vectors.json.

CaseArgumentsExpected
20 percent on 100 pounds £100.00, GB, STANDARD, 2026-09-16 → net £100.00, tax £20.00, gross £120.00, rate 20%
rounds a fractional penny up £1.99, GB, STANDARD, 2026-09-16 → net £1.99, tax £0.40, gross £2.39, rate 20%
zero rated goods are taxable at nothing £100.00, GB, ZERO, 2026-09-16 → net £100.00, tax £0.00, gross £100.00, rate 0%
reduced rate £100.00, GB, REDUCED, 2026-09-16 → net £100.00, tax £5.00, gross £105.00, rate 5%
a 2009 supply still uses the 2009 rate £100.00, GB, STANDARD, 2009-06-01 → net £100.00, tax £15.00, gross £115.00, rate 15%
hospitality during the covid cut £100.00, GB, HOSPITALITY, 2020-12-25 → net £100.00, tax £5.00, gross £105.00, rate 5%
Irish standard rate €100.00, IE, STANDARD, 2026-09-16 → net €100.00, tax €23.00, gross €123.00, rate 23%
a credit line carries negative tax -£100.00, GB, STANDARD, 2026-09-16 → net -£100.00, tax -£20.00, gross -£120.00, rate 20%
an unknown jurisdiction is an error £100.00, FR, STANDARD, 2026-09-16 → error: no VAT rule

More from the author

## Before you rely on this

**Not professional advice.** This capability calculates tax figures from published rules. It is a software component for developers, not tax advice. Rules change and every rate here has an effective date. Check that the dates cover your case. Verify results against the official sources listed above, and have a chartered accountant or tax adviser review how you use it, before anyone relies on the output. Provided "as is" under its licence, without warranty.

**Unreviewed.** This capability's implementations agree in every language and pass its published test vectors, which were worked out from the official sources cited. But no qualified chartered accountant or tax adviser has yet checked those vectors, or confirmed that the capability covers the cases it claims. Treat it as a draft. Do not use it for real people, money or decisions without your own expert review. Once a qualified reviewer signs off, this notice is replaced with their name, qualification and the date. Each new version needs fresh sign-off.

1.0.1 marks it unreviewed. The code and the tests are unchanged.

Files

PathBytes
README.md1,436
impl/python.py827
impl/rust.rs1,370
impl/typescript.ts869
vectors.json2,561