Functional Weave
Code in TypeScript

logistics.freight-rate

Freight charge from a carrier's dated weight-break tariff for a zone, with the fuel surcharge in force on the ship date.

1.0.0 (not the latest) · published 2026-10-03 by charlie · Anterra

Pinned by 24 tests, run in TypeScript, Python and Rust.

What it does

Prices a consignment on a carrier's tariff: find the zone's weight break that covers the chargeable weight on the ship date, price it, check whether a heavier break would be cheaper, and add the fuel surcharge in force that day.

## The tariff is an argument

For example

  • freightRate(rates ×8, fuel surcharges ×3, DE, 20,000, 2026-05-10) → zone DE, rated grams 20,000, break from grams 1, freight £90.00, fuel surcharge basis points 18.5%, fuel surcharge £16.65, total £106.65 per-kilogram break: 20 kg at 4.50/kg plus 18.5% fuel
  • freightRate(rates ×8, fuel surcharges ×3, DE, 20,000, 2026-07-01) → zone DE, rated grams 20,000, break from grams 1, freight £90.00, fuel surcharge basis points 21.25%, fuel surcharge £19.13, total £109.13 the fuel surcharge changes on 1 July and rounds 1912.5 up
  • freightRate(rates ×8, fuel surcharges ×3, DE, 20,000, 2026-06-30) → zone DE, rated grams 20,000, break from grams 1, freight £90.00, fuel surcharge basis points 18.5%, fuel surcharge £16.65, total £106.65 the last day of the old surcharge

The function

The same function in TypeScript, Python and Rust, pinned by the same tests. Pick your language; the choice follows you around the registry.

export function freightRate(rates: readonly FreightRate[], fuelSurcharges: readonly FuelSurcharge[], zone: string, chargeableGrams: number, shipDate: string): FreightQuote
ratesFreightRate[]the carrier's tariff, every zone and date; contracts are private, so the caller supplies it
fuelSurchargesFuelSurcharge[]the carrier's published fuel surcharge by date; empty for none
zonestring
chargeableGramsint1 or more: the greater of actual and volumetric weight, e.g. from retail.volumetric-weight
shipDatedatethe collection date, which decides the tariff and surcharge in force
returnsFreightQuote

The types it declares, generated into your project

/** One weight break of a tariff for one zone. */
export interface FreightRate {
  readonly zone: string;
  /** lightest chargeable weight in the break, inclusive */
  readonly fromGrams: number;
  /** heaviest, inclusive; null for no upper limit */
  readonly toGrams: number | null;
  /** the weight is rounded up to a multiple of this before pricing; 1 for none */
  readonly stepGrams: number;
  /** fixed charge for the break; zero for a pure per-kilogram rate */
  readonly base: Money;
  /** minor units per kilogram of rated weight; 0 for a flat-priced band */
  readonly perKgMinor: number;
  /** the least the break charges; null for none */
  readonly minimum: Money | null;
  readonly validFrom: string;
  /** last day in force, inclusive; null while current */
  readonly validTo: string | null;
}

/** A fuel surcharge percentage and the dates it applies. */
export interface FuelSurcharge {
  /** 1850 = 18.5% of the freight charge */
  readonly basisPoints: number;
  readonly validFrom: string;
  /** last day in force, inclusive; null while current */
  readonly validTo: string | null;
}

/** The freight charge, the surcharge on it, and what decided them. */
export interface FreightQuote {
  readonly zone: string;
  /** the weight priced: rounded up to the step, or a heavier break's first weight when that was cheaper */
  readonly ratedGrams: number;
  /** fromGrams of the break that priced it */
  readonly breakFromGrams: number;
  readonly freight: Money;
  readonly fuelSurchargeBasisPoints: number;
  readonly fuelSurcharge: Money;
  readonly total: Money;
}

Your code names it in one line, in the file that uses it

import { freightRate } from "#fune/logistics.freight-rate@^1";
impl/typescript.ts · 102 lines · open · raw

Imports name this capability’s declared dependencies, which fune builds next to it in your project; each one links to its page.

import { roundDiv } from "./math_round_div.ts";  ← from math.round-div ^1.0.0 · built alongside by fune
import { addMoney } from "./money_add.ts";  ← from money.add ^1.0.0 · built alongside by fune
import { type Money, assertSameCurrency, money } from "./money_amount.ts";  ← from money.amount ^1.0.0 · built alongside by fune
import { applyRate } from "./money_apply_rate.ts";  ← from money.apply-rate ^1.0.0 · built alongside by fune
import { compareMoney } from "./money_compare.ts";  ← from money.compare ^1.0.0 · built alongside by fune
import { type FreightRate, type FuelSurcharge, type FreightQuote } from "./logistics_freight_rate_types.ts";

const ISO_DATE = /^\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}$/;

function inForce(validFrom: string, validTo: string | null, onDate: string): boolean {
  return onDate >= validFrom && (validTo === null || onDate <= validTo);
}

function roundUpTo(grams: number, step: number): number {
  return roundDiv(grams, step, "up") * step;
}

/** The break's charge at a weight: base plus the per-kilogram element, at least the minimum. */
function charge(rate: FreightRate, ratedGrams: number): Money {
  const variable = roundDiv(ratedGrams * rate.perKgMinor, 1000, "half-up");
  const freight = money(rate.base.minor + variable, rate.base.currency);
  if (rate.minimum !== null && compareMoney(freight, rate.minimum) < 0) return rate.minimum;
  return freight;
}

/**
 * Freight for a consignment on a caller-supplied tariff: the zone's break
 * covering the weight on the ship date, or a heavier break when that is
 * cheaper, plus the fuel surcharge in force that day.
 */
export function freightRate(
  rates: readonly FreightRate[],
  fuelSurcharges: readonly FuelSurcharge[],
  zone: string,
  chargeableGrams: number,
  shipDate: string,
): FreightQuote {
  if (!Number.isInteger(chargeableGrams) || chargeableGrams < 1) {
    throw new RangeError(`chargeableGrams must be 1 or more, received ${chargeableGrams}`);
  }
  if (!ISO_DATE.test(shipDate)) throw new RangeError(`shipDate must be an ISO date (YYYY-MM-DD), received "${shipDate}"`);

  const candidates = rates.filter((r) => r.zone === zone && inForce(r.validFrom, r.validTo, shipDate));
  for (const rate of candidates) {
    if (!Number.isInteger(rate.stepGrams) || rate.stepGrams < 1) {
      throw new RangeError(`stepGrams must be 1 or more, received ${rate.stepGrams}`);
    }
    if (!Number.isInteger(rate.perKgMinor) || rate.perKgMinor < 0) {
      throw new RangeError(`perKgMinor must not be negative, received ${rate.perKgMinor}`);
    }
    assertSameCurrency(candidates[0].base, rate.base);
  }

  const covering = candidates.filter(
    (r) => chargeableGrams >= r.fromGrams && (r.toGrams === null || chargeableGrams <= r.toGrams),
  );
  if (covering.length === 0) {
    throw new RangeError(`no freight rate for zone "${zone}" on ${shipDate} covers ${chargeableGrams} g`);
  }
  if (covering.length > 1) {
    throw new RangeError(`two freight rates for zone "${zone}" on ${shipDate} cover ${chargeableGrams} g`);
  }

  let best = covering[0];
  let bestGrams = roundUpTo(chargeableGrams, best.stepGrams);
  let bestFreight = charge(best, bestGrams);
  // Rates per kilogram fall as weight rises, so a heavier break charged at
  // its first weight can undercut the break the consignment falls in.
  for (const rate of candidates) {
    if (rate.fromGrams <= chargeableGrams) continue;
    const grams = roundUpTo(rate.fromGrams, rate.stepGrams);
    const freight = charge(rate, grams);
    const order = compareMoney(freight, bestFreight);
    if (order < 0 || (order === 0 && grams < bestGrams)) {
      best = rate;
      bestGrams = grams;
      bestFreight = freight;
    }
  }

  let basisPoints = 0;
  if (fuelSurcharges.length > 0) {
    let found: FuelSurcharge | null = null;
    for (const row of fuelSurcharges) {
      if (!inForce(row.validFrom, row.validTo, shipDate)) continue;
      if (found === null || row.validFrom > found.validFrom) found = row;
    }
    // A table that stops short of the date has usually not been updated.
    if (found === null) throw new RangeError(`no fuel surcharge in force on ${shipDate}`);
    basisPoints = found.basisPoints;
  }
  const fuelSurcharge = applyRate(bestFreight, basisPoints, "half-up");
  return {
    zone,
    ratedGrams: bestGrams,
    breakFromGrams: best.fromGrams,
    freight: bestFreight,
    fuelSurchargeBasisPoints: basisPoints,
    fuelSurcharge,
    total: addMoney(bestFreight, fuelSurcharge),
  };
}

Install

fune build

With that line in your source, in a TypeScript project (language typescript in fune.project), fune build resolves it and its 5 dependencies, pins them in fune.lock, downloads only the TypeScript package of each, and builds the code above into your project’s .fune/build, one readable file per capability with a header linking back here. Or pin a range in fune.project and build in one step:

fune add logistics.freight-rate
Download for TypeScript logistics.freight-rate-1.0.0-typescript.fune · 61,013 bytes sha256 e530a653d93261f6357349a0a0f574258f1c12f2dc87f5cf58fe5d7c29d4ad24

The manifest, vectors and README with only the TypeScript implementation. Install it without the registry with fune add ./logistics.freight-rate-1.0.0-typescript.fune, or fetch it from a terminal with fune pull logistics.freight-rate@1.0.0:typescript.

The whole function, every language, is one file too: logistics.freight-rate-1.0.0.fune, 72,801 bytes, sha256 8bea10f04f6f84cc8fdf6cedc848e6c79afef95634eae21234454081c74ab780. It installs into a project of any language.

Customise it in your app

The seams this capability offers. Put a marker directly above a function of your own and fune build wires it into the built code; the package on the registry is not changed, the built file’s header lists it under CUSTOMISED, and fune hooks lists every hook in the project. How hooks work.

before — your function gets the arguments and returns them, changed or not, or throws to refuse the call.

// fune: before logistics.freight-rate

after — your function gets the result and the arguments, and returns the final result.

// fune: after logistics.freight-rate

replace — inside this capability’s code only, calls to a dependency go to your function, with the same signature. Other capabilities that use it are unaffected; write in * to replace it everywhere.

// fune: replace math.round-div in logistics.freight-rate
// fune: replace money.add in logistics.freight-rate
// fune: replace money.amount in logistics.freight-rate
// fune: replace money.apply-rate in logistics.freight-rate
// fune: replace money.compare in logistics.freight-rate

step — your function runs at a numbered point inside the function’s body, receives the in-scope values it names as parameters, and may return replacements. List the points with fune show logistics.freight-rate --steps.

// fune: step logistics.freight-rate after <n|label>

Tests

A version published now needs at least 8 tests for every function, and one that expects the error for each function that throws; the registry refuses it otherwise. fune verify --all runs each case in TypeScript, Python and Rust, and a project runs them again with fune verify. This page lists the cases; it does not run them. The exact JSON is vectors.json.

CaseArgumentsExpected
per-kilogram break: 20 kg at 4.50/kg plus 18.5% fuel rates ×8, fuel surcharges ×3, DE, 20,000, 2026-05-10 → zone DE, rated grams 20,000, break from grams 1, freight £90.00, fuel surcharge basis points 18.5%, fuel surcharge £16.65, total £106.65
the fuel surcharge changes on 1 July and rounds 1912.5 up rates ×8, fuel surcharges ×3, DE, 20,000, 2026-07-01 → zone DE, rated grams 20,000, break from grams 1, freight £90.00, fuel surcharge basis points 21.25%, fuel surcharge £19.13, total £109.13
the last day of the old surcharge rates ×8, fuel surcharges ×3, DE, 20,000, 2026-06-30 → zone DE, rated grams 20,000, break from grams 1, freight £90.00, fuel surcharge basis points 18.5%, fuel surcharge £16.65, total £106.65
40 kg is cheaper charged as 45 kg at the next break (pricing only the 40 kg break gives 180.00) rates ×8, fuel surcharges ×3, DE, 40,000, 2026-05-10 → zone DE, rated grams 45,000, break from grams 45,000, freight £171.00, fuel surcharge basis points 18.5%, fuel surcharge £31.64, total £202.64
90 kg is cheaper charged as 100 kg rates ×8, fuel surcharges ×3, DE, 90,000, 2026-05-10 → zone DE, rated grams 100,000, break from grams 100,000, freight £320.00, fuel surcharge basis points 18.5%, fuel surcharge £59.20, total £379.20
a light consignment pays the break's minimum charge rates ×8, fuel surcharges ×3, DE, 5,000, 2026-05-10 → zone DE, rated grams 5,000, break from grams 1, freight £50.00, fuel surcharge basis points 18.5%, fuel surcharge £9.25, total £59.25
the weight is rounded up to the break's 500 g step rates ×8, fuel surcharges ×3, DE, 12,345, 2026-05-10 → zone DE, rated grams 12,500, break from grams 1, freight £56.25, fuel surcharge basis points 18.5%, fuel surcharge £10.41, total £66.66
exactly on a break boundary uses that break rates ×8, fuel surcharges ×3, DE, 45,000, 2026-05-10 → zone DE, rated grams 45,000, break from grams 45,000, freight £171.00, fuel surcharge basis points 18.5%, fuel surcharge £31.64, total £202.64
last year's tariff and surcharge for a 2025 shipment rates ×8, fuel surcharges ×3, DE, 20,000, 2025-11-01 → zone DE, rated grams 20,000, break from grams 1, freight £80.00, fuel surcharge basis points 17%, fuel surcharge £13.60, total £93.60
flat-priced band: a heavier band is dearer, so the band stands rates ×8, fuel surcharges ×3, FR, 1,900, 2026-05-10 → zone FR, rated grams 1,900, break from grams 1, freight £8.95, fuel surcharge basis points 18.5%, fuel surcharge £1.66, total £10.61
Show the other 14 tests
CaseArgumentsExpected
base plus per kilogram on a 1 kg step rates ×8, fuel surcharges ×3, FR, 15,200, 2026-05-10 → zone FR, rated grams 16,000, break from grams 10,001, freight £26.55, fuel surcharge basis points 18.5%, fuel surcharge £4.91, total £31.46
the per-kilogram charge 499.5 rounds half up rates ×8, fuel surcharges ×3, IT, 1,500, 2026-05-10 → zone IT, rated grams 1,500, break from grams 1, freight £5.00, fuel surcharge basis points 18.5%, fuel surcharge £0.93, total £5.93
an empty surcharge table means no surcharge rates ×8, , DE, 20,000, 2026-05-10 → zone DE, rated grams 20,000, break from grams 1, freight £90.00, fuel surcharge basis points 0%, fuel surcharge £0.00, total £90.00
the latest-starting surcharge row in force wins rates ×8, fuel surcharges ×4, DE, 20,000, 2026-05-10 → zone DE, rated grams 20,000, break from grams 1, freight £90.00, fuel surcharge basis points 20%, fuel surcharge £18.00, total £108.00
no break for the zone rates ×8, fuel surcharges ×3, ES, 20,000, 2026-05-10 → error: no freight rate for zone "ES" on 2026-05-10 covers 20000 g
a weight above the zone's last break rates ×8, fuel surcharges ×3, FR, 30,001, 2026-05-10 → error: no freight rate for zone "FR" on 2026-05-10 covers 30001 g
no break in force before the tariff starts rates ×8, fuel surcharges ×3, DE, 20,000, 2024-12-31 → error: no freight rate for zone "DE" on 2024-12-31 covers 20000 g
a surcharge table that does not reach the date rates ×8, fuel surcharges ×3, IT, 1,500, 2024-06-01 → error: no fuel surcharge in force on 2024-06-01
two breaks covering the same weight rates ×2, , DE, 5,000, 2026-05-10 → error: two freight rates for zone "DE" on 2026-05-10 cover 5000 g
zero weight rates ×8, fuel surcharges ×3, DE, 0, 2026-05-10 → error: chargeableGrams must be 1 or more
a step below 1 g rates ×1, , DE, 5,000, 2026-05-10 → error: stepGrams must be 1 or more
a negative per-kilogram rate rates ×1, , DE, 5,000, 2026-05-10 → error: perKgMinor must not be negative
breaks in two currencies rates ×2, , DE, 5,000, 2026-05-10 → error: currency mismatch
a malformed ship date rates ×8, fuel surcharges ×3, DE, 20,000, 10/05/2026 → error: shipDate must be an ISO date

More from the author

Freight rates are private contracts between a shipper and a carrier, so the tariff is passed in (`rates`), not shipped as registry data. Each row still carries `validFrom` and `validTo`, so one table can hold last year's rates and this year's and the ship date picks between them. Carriers publish their fuel surcharge as a percentage that changes weekly or monthly; that is the second table. The figures in the vectors are illustrative, not any carrier's.

## Pricing one break

ratedGrams = chargeableGrams rounded up to stepGrams
freight    = base + ratedGrams x perKgMinor / 1000   (rounded half up to the minor unit)
freight    = max(freight, minimum)

That one shape covers the common tariffs: a flat price per weight band (`perKgMinor` 0), a per-kilogram rate by weight break with a minimum charge (air freight's M / N / +45 / +100 ...), and a base plus a per-kilogram element. The break is chosen on the chargeable weight as given, before the break's own rounding; bands must not overlap.

## A heavier break can be cheaper

Per-kilogram rates fall as the weight rises, so 40 kg at 4.50/kg (180.00) costs more than 45 kg at 3.80/kg (171.00). Carriers charge the lower figure by pricing the consignment at the first weight of the heavier break, and so does this: every heavier break of the zone in force on the date is tried at its `fromGrams`, and the cheapest wins (on a tie, the lighter rated weight). `ratedGrams` and `breakFromGrams` say what happened. Pricing only the break the weight falls in is the mistake this vector catches.

## Fuel surcharge

`fuelSurcharge = freight x basisPoints / 10000`, rounded half up, applied to the freight charge only. Of the rows in force on the ship date, the one with the latest `validFrom` wins, so a new week's figure can be appended without closing the previous row. An empty table means no surcharge; a non-empty table with no row for the date is an error, because it almost always means the table has not been updated.

## Errors

No break for the zone and date covering the weight, two breaks covering it, a weight below 1 g, a step below 1, a negative rate, and mixed currencies are all errors, each naming what it found.

Files

PathBytes
README.md2,473
impl/python.py4,534
impl/rust.rs6,828
impl/typescript.ts4,212
vectors.json42,945