Functional Weave
Code in TypeScript

telecoms.call-rating

Rate a call from a rate deck: longest-prefix destination match, billing increments, connection fee and minimum charge.

1.0.1 · published 2026-10-03 by charlie · Anterra

Pinned by 22 tests, run in TypeScript, Python and Rust.

What it does

Rates one call record (CDR) against a rate deck the way telecoms billing does it, in four steps:

1. **Destination by longest prefix.** The dialled number is matched against every prefix in the deck and the longest match wins, so 447700900123 matches `447` (UK mobile) rather than `44` (UK fixed). Numbers are in international format, E.164 digits with or without a leading `+`; convert national numbers (07700 900123) before rating. No match is an error: silently rating an unknown destination at zero is how fraud traffic goes unbilled. 2. **Billing increments.** An increment is written first/next: 60/60 is per minute, 30/6 is a 30-second minimum then 6-second blocks, 1/1 is per second. The duration is rounded up to them: 61 seconds on 60/60 is 120 billed seconds; 125 seconds on 30/6 is 126. 3. **Charge.** perMinute x billedSeconds / 60, rounded once to a whole minor unit by the caller's `mode` (math.round-div), plus the connection fee. Operators differ on how they round fractions of a penny, so it is an argument rather than a hidden choice. 4. **Minimum charge.** If the result is below the minimum call charge, the minimum is charged. The minimum includes the connection fee.

For example

  • rateCall(+441632960001, 125, rates ×5, half-up) → prefix 44, destination United Kingdom fixed, billed seconds 180, usage charge £0.30, connection fee £0.00, total £0.30 a UK landline on 60/60: 125 seconds is billed as 3 minutes
  • rateCall(441632960001, 60, rates ×5, half-up) → prefix 44, destination United Kingdom fixed, billed seconds 60, usage charge £0.10, connection fee £0.00, total £0.10 exactly one minute on 60/60 is one minute
  • rateCall(441632960001, 61, rates ×5, half-up) → prefix 44, destination United Kingdom fixed, billed seconds 120, usage charge £0.20, connection fee £0.00, total £0.20 61 seconds on 60/60 is billed as two minutes

The function

The same function in TypeScript, Python and Rust, pinned by the same tests. Pick your language; the choice follows you around the registry.

export function rateCall(dialledNumber: string, durationSeconds: number, rates: readonly CallRate[], mode: RoundingMode): RatedCall
dialledNumberstringinternational format digits, E.164 with or without the leading +: 447700900123
durationSecondsintanswered duration in whole seconds; 0 for an unanswered call
ratesCallRate[]the rate deck; prefixes must be unique
modeRoundingModehow the per-minute charge rounds to a whole minor unit
returnsRatedCall

The types it declares, generated into your project

/** One row of a rate deck. */
export interface CallRate {
  /** international digits the number starts with, without + or 00: 44, 447 */
  readonly prefix: string;
  /** a name for invoices: United Kingdom mobile */
  readonly destination: string;
  /** price per 60 billed seconds */
  readonly perMinute: Money;
  /** added to every answered call; zero for none */
  readonly connectionFee: Money;
  /** the least an answered call costs, connection fee included; zero for none */
  readonly minimumCharge: Money;
  /** the first billed block: 60 in 60/60, 30 in 30/6, 1 in 1/1 */
  readonly firstIncrementSeconds: number;
  /** each later block: 60 in 60/60, 6 in 30/6, 1 in 1/1 */
  readonly nextIncrementSeconds: number;
}

/** The rated call, itemised as a bill prints it. */
export interface RatedCall {
  /** the matched prefix */
  readonly prefix: string;
  readonly destination: string;
  /** duration rounded up to the billing increments */
  readonly billedSeconds: number;
  /** perMinute x billedSeconds / 60, rounded by mode */
  readonly usageCharge: Money;
  /** zero for an unanswered call */
  readonly connectionFee: Money;
  /** usage plus connection fee, raised to the minimum charge */
  readonly total: Money;
}

Your code names it in one line, in the file that uses it

import { rateCall } from "#fune/telecoms.call-rating@^1";
impl/typescript.ts · 62 lines · open · raw

Imports name this capability’s declared dependencies, which fune builds next to it in your project; each one links to its page.

import { type RoundingMode, roundDiv } from "./math_round_div.ts";  ← from math.round-div ^1.0.0 · built alongside by fune
import { assertSameCurrency, money } from "./money_amount.ts";  ← from money.amount ^1.0.0 · built alongside by fune
import { type CallRate, type RatedCall } from "./telecoms_call_rating_types.ts";

const DIGITS = /^[0-9]+$/;

/**
 * Rate one call: longest-prefix match on the dialled number, duration rounded
 * up to the rate's billing increments, per-minute charge rounded once by
 * `mode`, connection fee added and the minimum charge applied.
 */
export function rateCall(dialledNumber: string, durationSeconds: number, rates: readonly CallRate[], mode: RoundingMode): RatedCall {
  const number = dialledNumber.startsWith("+") ? dialledNumber.slice(1) : dialledNumber;
  if (!DIGITS.test(number)) {
    throw new RangeError(`dialled number must be international format digits, optionally with a leading +, received "${dialledNumber}"`);
  }
  if (!Number.isInteger(durationSeconds) || durationSeconds < 0) {
    throw new RangeError(`duration must be whole seconds of 0 or more, received ${durationSeconds}`);
  }
  const seen = new Set<string>();
  let best: CallRate | null = null;
  for (const rate of rates) {
    if (!DIGITS.test(rate.prefix)) {
      throw new RangeError(`rate prefix must be digits, received "${rate.prefix}"`);
    }
    if (seen.has(rate.prefix)) {
      throw new RangeError(`duplicate prefix ${rate.prefix} in the rate deck`);
    }
    seen.add(rate.prefix);
    if (!Number.isInteger(rate.firstIncrementSeconds) || rate.firstIncrementSeconds < 1 || !Number.isInteger(rate.nextIncrementSeconds) || rate.nextIncrementSeconds < 1) {
      throw new RangeError(`billing increments must be 1 second or more, received ${rate.firstIncrementSeconds}/${rate.nextIncrementSeconds} for prefix ${rate.prefix}`);
    }
    assertSameCurrency(rates[0].perMinute, rate.perMinute);
    assertSameCurrency(rates[0].perMinute, rate.connectionFee);
    assertSameCurrency(rates[0].perMinute, rate.minimumCharge);
    if (number.startsWith(rate.prefix) && (best === null || rate.prefix.length > best.prefix.length)) {
      best = rate;
    }
  }
  if (best === null) {
    throw new RangeError(`no rate for dialled number ${number}`);
  }

  const currency = best.perMinute.currency;
  if (durationSeconds === 0) {
    const zero = money(0, currency);
    return { prefix: best.prefix, destination: best.destination, billedSeconds: 0, usageCharge: zero, connectionFee: zero, total: zero };
  }
  const first = best.firstIncrementSeconds;
  const next = best.nextIncrementSeconds;
  const billedSeconds = durationSeconds <= first ? first : first + Math.ceil((durationSeconds - first) / next) * next;
  const usage = roundDiv(best.perMinute.minor * billedSeconds, 60, mode);
  const total = Math.max(usage + best.connectionFee.minor, best.minimumCharge.minor);
  return {
    prefix: best.prefix,
    destination: best.destination,
    billedSeconds,
    usageCharge: money(usage, currency),
    connectionFee: best.connectionFee,
    total: money(total, currency),
  };
}

Install

fune build

With that line in your source, in a TypeScript project (language typescript in fune.project), fune build resolves it and its 2 dependencies, pins them in fune.lock, downloads only the TypeScript package of each, and builds the code above into your project’s .fune/build, one readable file per capability with a header linking back here. Or pin a range in fune.project and build in one step:

fune add telecoms.call-rating
Download for TypeScript telecoms.call-rating-1.0.1-typescript.fune · 44,793 bytes sha256 6ec8e7af9214c4976a9b96961dc11f2c53f88306107b8fd0c37f928a2d33baa8

The manifest, vectors and README with only the TypeScript implementation. Install it without the registry with fune add ./telecoms.call-rating-1.0.1-typescript.fune, or fetch it from a terminal with fune pull telecoms.call-rating@1.0.1:typescript.

The whole function, every language, is one file too: telecoms.call-rating-1.0.1.fune, 53,002 bytes, sha256 8ce31e9dc6f4de068db64d17e0eda321b01d477f7d60fd5f6aa692a6c936a440. It installs into a project of any language.

Customise it in your app

The seams this capability offers. Put a marker directly above a function of your own and fune build wires it into the built code; the package on the registry is not changed, the built file’s header lists it under CUSTOMISED, and fune hooks lists every hook in the project. How hooks work.

before — your function gets the arguments and returns them, changed or not, or throws to refuse the call.

// fune: before telecoms.call-rating

after — your function gets the result and the arguments, and returns the final result.

// fune: after telecoms.call-rating

replace — inside this capability’s code only, calls to a dependency go to your function, with the same signature. Other capabilities that use it are unaffected; write in * to replace it everywhere.

// fune: replace math.round-div in telecoms.call-rating
// fune: replace money.amount in telecoms.call-rating

step — your function runs at a numbered point inside the function’s body, receives the in-scope values it names as parameters, and may return replacements. List the points with fune show telecoms.call-rating --steps.

// fune: step telecoms.call-rating after <n|label>

Tests

A version published now needs at least 8 tests for every function, and one that expects the error for each function that throws; the registry refuses it otherwise. fune verify --all runs each case in TypeScript, Python and Rust, and a project runs them again with fune verify. This page lists the cases; it does not run them. The exact JSON is vectors.json.

CaseArgumentsExpected
a UK landline on 60/60: 125 seconds is billed as 3 minutes +441632960001, 125, rates ×5, half-up → prefix 44, destination United Kingdom fixed, billed seconds 180, usage charge £0.30, connection fee £0.00, total £0.30
exactly one minute on 60/60 is one minute 441632960001, 60, rates ×5, half-up → prefix 44, destination United Kingdom fixed, billed seconds 60, usage charge £0.10, connection fee £0.00, total £0.10
61 seconds on 60/60 is billed as two minutes 441632960001, 61, rates ×5, half-up → prefix 44, destination United Kingdom fixed, billed seconds 120, usage charge £0.20, connection fee £0.00, total £0.20
a UK mobile matches 447, the longest prefix, not 44; 125 s on 30/6 is 126 s +447700900123, 125, rates ×5, half-up → prefix 447, destination United Kingdom mobile, billed seconds 126, usage charge £0.53, connection fee £0.05, total £0.58
the same call rounded down 447700900123, 125, rates ×5, down → prefix 447, destination United Kingdom mobile, billed seconds 126, usage charge £0.52, connection fee £0.05, total £0.57
a call inside the first increment is billed the whole first increment 447700900123, 30, rates ×5, half-up → prefix 447, destination United Kingdom mobile, billed seconds 30, usage charge £0.13, connection fee £0.05, total £0.18
one second past the first increment adds one 6-second block 447700900123, 31, rates ×5, half-up → prefix 447, destination United Kingdom mobile, billed seconds 36, usage charge £0.15, connection fee £0.05, total £0.20
per-second billing on 1/1 12025550123, 61, rates ×5, half-up → prefix 1, destination USA and Canada, billed seconds 61, usage charge £0.05, connection fee £0.00, total £0.05
the same per-second call rounded up 12025550123, 61, rates ×5, up → prefix 1, destination USA and Canada, billed seconds 61, usage charge £0.06, connection fee £0.00, total £0.06
a short call to France is raised to the minimum charge 33142685300, 10, rates ×5, half-up → prefix 33, destination France fixed, billed seconds 30, usage charge £0.06, connection fee £0.00, total £0.20
Show the other 12 tests
CaseArgumentsExpected
a French mobile with a connection fee 33612345678, 59, rates ×5, half-up → prefix 336, destination France mobile, billed seconds 60, usage charge £0.30, connection fee £0.10, total £0.40
an unanswered call costs nothing, minimum charge included 33142685300, 0, rates ×5, half-up → prefix 33, destination France fixed, billed seconds 0, usage charge £0.00, connection fee £0.00, total £0.00
a number no prefix matches is an error 81312345678, 60, rates ×5, half-up → error: no rate for dialled number 81312345678
a number with punctuation is an error 44-20-7946-0000, 60, rates ×5, half-up → error: dialled number must be international format digits
a negative duration is an error 441632960001, -1, rates ×5, half-up → error: duration must be whole seconds of 0 or more
a duplicate prefix in the deck is an error 441632960001, 60, rates ×6, half-up → error: duplicate prefix 44
a zero billing increment is an error 441632960001, 60, rates ×1, half-up → error: billing increments must be 1 second or more
a deck in two currencies is an error 441632960001, 60, rates ×2, half-up → error: currency mismatch
an unknown rounding mode is an error 441632960001, 60, rates ×5, nearest → error: unknown rounding mode
a trailing newline is not part of a dialled number 442079460000 , 60, rates ×5, half-up → error: dialled number must be international format digits
a trailing newline after a leading + is not part of a dialled number +442079460000 , 60, rates ×5, half-up → error: dialled number must be international format digits
a trailing newline is not part of a rate prefix 441632960001, 60, rates ×1, half-up → error: rate prefix must be digits

More from the author

An unanswered call (0 seconds) is not charged at all: no connection fee, no minimum. Prices are per minute in minor units, so a rate of 0.5p a minute cannot be written; use a deck in a smaller currency unit if you need one.

The rate deck is an argument because every operator has its own and changes it often; this capability holds no rates of its own. Deck rows are checked on every call: prefixes must be digits and unique, increments at least 1 second, and every price in one currency.

Errors: no matching prefix, a dialled number that is not digits, a negative duration, a duplicate or non-numeric prefix, an increment below 1, mixed currencies, and an unknown rounding mode.

1.0.1 fixes Python accepting a trailing newline in dialledNumber and a rate's prefix; adds tests.

Files

PathBytes
README.md2,035
impl/python.py3,341
impl/rust.rs4,591
impl/typescript.ts3,001
vectors.json31,244